Parker cylinder OSPP2500000020000000000000 In stock

Brand

PARKER/American Parker

Action Method

Other

Application Areas

Chemical, Petroleum, Mining, Road/Rail/Marine, Comprehensive

Parker (short for Parker Hannifin) is a diversified manufacturer of motion and control technologies and systems, providing precision solutions for a wide range of drive control, industrial, and aerospace markets. It has become a major global company specializing in the production and sales of various refrigeration and air conditioning components, hydraulic, pneumatic, and fluid control products and components. Parker PEN pens are synonymous with top-quality pens. Parker's philosophy, "Make the product better, and people will buy it," has always guided Parker's commitment to manufacturing "better pens," a profound cultural heritage accumulated over a century.

A cylinder is a cylindrical metal component that guides a piston in its linear reciprocating motion. In an engine cylinder, the working fluid expands, converting thermal energy into mechanical energy; in a compressor cylinder, gas is compressed by the piston, increasing its pressure. The housing of turbines, rotary piston engines, etc., is also commonly referred to as a "cylinder." Applications of cylinders: Printing (tension control), semiconductors (spot welding machines, chip grinding), automation control, robotics, etc. When Karl Benz and Daimler designed and manufactured automobiles, they both used engines with only one cylinder. Currently, domestically produced vehicles like the Huali minivan, older Xiali models, Geely Haoqing, Alto, and Flyer all use 3-cylinder engines.

The development history of Parker cylinders:

Cylinder principles originated from cannons:

Cylinders originated from cannons? This is not sensationalism. The cylinders in your car are indeed related to cannons.

In 1680, Dutch scientist Hohenschwangau, inspired by the principles of cannons, wondered why the powerful force of cannonballs could be used to drive other machines. Initially, he still used it as a burning explosive, modifying the cannonball into a "piston," the cannon barrel into a "cylinder," and adding a one-way valve. He injected the gas into the cylinder; when ignited, it exploded and burned violently, pushing the piston upwards and generating power. Simultaneously, the immense pressure of the exploding gas pushes open the one-way valve, expelling the exhaust gas. Then, the remaining exhaust gas inside the cylinder gradually cools, its pressure decreases, and the atmospheric pressure outside the cylinder pushes the piston downwards, preparing for the next explosion. Of course, due to its excessively long stroke and low efficiency, it ultimately failed. However, it was Hohenst who first conceived the idea of ​​the "internal combustion engine," upon which later generations invented the automobile engine.

Cylinder

Cylinder Atlas

Early Automobiles Used Single-Cylinder Engines

When Karl Benz and Daimler designed and manufactured automobiles, they both coincidentally used engines with only one cylinder. Just as we believe it's impossible for a car to use two or more engines, it's unlikely that people at the time would imagine using engines with two or more cylinders. However, things are different now. Leaving aside developed countries, just look at domestic car advertisements. Many manufacturers constantly emphasize the number and arrangement of engine cylinders. Microcar sellers tout their four-cylinder engines instead of three, and those using V6 engines make sure the "V" is prominently displayed. This advertising has indeed been very effective, and many car enthusiasts have accepted concepts like "4 cylinders are better than 3 cylinders," "6 cylinders are better than 4 cylinders," "V-type is better than inline," and "V-type engines are advanced engines." Nearly 20 domestically produced cars are now equipped with V6 or V8 engines.

A single-cylinder engine only produces power through combustion once every two crankshaft rotations. This results in a discontinuous and uneven sound, as you can hear from the sound of a small-displacement motorcycle. More unacceptable is its extremely unstable operation, with large fluctuations in engine speed. Furthermore, the shape of a single-cylinder engine is unsuitable for automobiles. Therefore, single-cylinder engines are no longer seen in cars, and two-cylinder engines are also hard to find; at least three-cylinder engines are now the norm. Domestically produced minivans like the Huali, older Xiali, Geely Haoqing, Alto, and Flyer all use 3-cylinder engines.

Mini cars with engines under 1 liter typically use 3-cylinder engines, while 1-2 liter engines generally use 4- or 5-cylinder engines. Engines over 2 liters are mostly 6-cylinder, and engines over 4 liters predominantly use 8-cylinder engines.

With the same displacement, increasing the number of cylinders increases engine speed, thus increasing engine output power. Additionally, increasing the number of cylinders makes the engine run more smoothly, resulting in more stable torque and power output. It also makes the car easier to start and improves acceleration responsiveness. To improve vehicle performance, the number of cylinders must be increased. Therefore, luxury sedans, sports cars, and other high-performance vehicles all have 6 or more cylinders, with some reaching 16 cylinders.

However, there is no limit to the increase in the number of cylinders. As the number of cylinders increases, the number of engine parts also increases proportionally, leading to a more complex engine structure, reduced reliability, increased weight, higher manufacturing and operating costs, increased fuel consumption, and larger engine size. Therefore, the number of cylinders in a car engine is a suitable choice made after weighing various advantages and disadvantages, based on the engine's intended use and performance requirements.

Standing side-by-side in a row.

Inline engine

An inline engine (line engine) has all its cylinders arranged side-by-side in a single plane. Its cylinder block and crankshaft structure are simple, and it uses a single cylinder head, resulting in lower manufacturing costs, higher stability, better low-speed torque characteristics, lower fuel consumption, and a compact size, making it widely used. Its disadvantage is lower power output. "Inline" can be represented by "L," followed by the number of cylinders to form the engine designation. Modern cars mainly use L3, L4, L5, and L6 engines.

Inline 3-cylinder.

Parker Cylinder Structure:

A cylinder consists of a cylinder barrel, end caps, piston, piston rod, and seals. Its internal structure is shown in the figure:

1) Cylinder Barrel

The inner diameter of the cylinder barrel determines the output force. For the piston to slide smoothly back and forth within the cylinder barrel, the surface roughness of the inner surface should reach Ra0.8um. ​​For steel pipe cylinder barrels, the inner surface should be hard chrome plated to reduce frictional resistance and wear, and to prevent corrosion. Cylinder barrel materials include high-carbon steel, high-strength aluminum alloy, and brass. Small cylinders may use stainless steel tubing. Cylinders with magnetic switches or used in corrosive environments should use stainless steel, aluminum alloy, or brass for the cylinder barrel.

The SMC CM2 cylinder piston uses a combination sealing ring for bidirectional sealing. The piston and piston rod are riveted together, eliminating the need for nuts.

2) End Caps

The end caps have inlet and outlet ports, and some also have a buffer mechanism inside the end cap. The piston rod end cap is equipped with a sealing ring and a dustproof ring to prevent air leakage from the piston rod and to prevent external dust from entering the cylinder. A guide sleeve is also provided on the piston rod end cap to improve the cylinder's guiding accuracy, withstand a small amount of lateral load on the piston rod, reduce the downward bending of the piston rod during extension, and extend the cylinder's service life. The guide sleeve is typically made of sintered oil-impregnated alloy or forward-inclined copper casting. End caps were previously commonly made of malleable cast iron, but now, to reduce weight and prevent rust, aluminum alloy die-casting is commonly used; miniature cylinders sometimes use brass.

3) Piston

The piston is the pressure-bearing component in the cylinder. To prevent air leakage between the left and right chambers of the piston, a piston seal ring is provided. Wear rings on the piston improve the cylinder's guiding performance, reduce wear on the piston seal ring, and reduce frictional resistance. Wear rings are often made of polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, or fabric-reinforced synthetic resin. The width of the piston is determined by the size of the seal ring and the necessary length of the sliding portion. A sliding portion that is too short can easily cause premature wear and jamming. Pistons are commonly made of aluminum alloy and cast iron; pistons in small cylinders are sometimes made of brass.

4) Piston Rod

The piston rod is the most important load-bearing part in the cylinder. It is usually made of high-carbon steel with a hard chrome plating, or stainless steel, to prevent corrosion and improve the wear resistance of the seals.

5) Seals

The seals on rotating or reciprocating parts are called dynamic seals, while the seals on stationary parts are called static seals.

The main methods of connecting the cylinder barrel and end cap are:

Integral type, riveted type, threaded connection type, flange type, and tie rod type.

6) During operation, the piston is lubricated by oil mist in the compressed air. A small number of cylinders are lubrication-free.

Parker Hydraulics mainly divides its products into mobile machinery hydraulics and industrial hydraulics, providing customers with comprehensive hydraulic systems, including power units, hydraulic pumps, hydraulic motors, electric motors, electronic control systems, load balancing, and inductive directional valves. Parker Hydraulics has 10 divisions globally, each specializing in its own products. Based on successful localization of production, Parker Hannifin's vane pumps and tie-rod cylinders enjoy an excellent reputation in the market.

Professional team design, component selection, and prototype debugging services are offered as added value.

Major clients in China include: Sany Heavy Industry, Liugong, XGMA, Shougang, Baosteel, and Handan Iron & Steel.

Mechanical & Electrical & Transmission Division

Mechanical & Electrical & Automation products cover everything from HMIs to controllers, drives, servos, motors, reduction gears, and a wide variety of mechanical drives, AC and DC frequency converters. We provide comprehensive solutions to meet the needs of different customer segments.

Typical products in the frequency converter field include: DC590, AC690, and DC590+.

The company mainly deals with European and American brands and can source brands from any European country. For example, our key German brands include: BURKERT, DEMAG, HAWE, REXROTH, HYDAC, PILZ relays, FESTO, IFM sensors, E+H, HEIDENHAIN, P+F sensors, SICK, TURCK, and HIRSCHMANN industrial switches. German brands: Hengstler, Murr, Schmersal, Samson, EPRO (Emerson Group)

American brands: MOOG, ASCO, MAC, NUMATICS, PARKER, VICKERS, ROSS

British brands: Norgren

Italian brands: OMAL, ATOS, CAMOZZI, UNIVER, Camozzi