Parker cylinder OSPP2502000001000000000000 in stock

Brand

PARKER/American Parker

Action Method

Other

Application Areas

Petroleum, Mining, Energy, Electrical, General

A Parker cylinder is a cylindrical metal component that guides a piston in its linear reciprocating motion. In an engine cylinder, the working fluid expands, converting thermal energy into mechanical energy; in a compressor cylinder, gas is compressed by the piston, increasing its pressure. The housing of turbines, rotary piston engines, etc., is also commonly referred to as a "cylinder." Applications of cylinders include: printing (tension control), semiconductors (spot welding machines, chip grinding), automation control, robotics, etc. When Karl Benz and Daimler designed and manufactured cars, they both used engines with only one cylinder. Currently, domestically produced vehicles such as the Huali minivan, older Xiali cars, Geely Haoqing, Alto, and Flyer all use 3-cylinder engines.

The Development History of Parker Cylinders:

Cylinder Principles Originated from Cannons:

Cylinders originated from cannons? This is not sensationalism. The cylinders in your car are indeed related to cannons.

In 1680, inspired by the principles of cannons, Dutch scientist Ernst Hohenschwangauer wondered if the powerful force of cannonballs could be used to power other machines. Initially, he still used the explosive, modifying the cannonball into a "piston" and the cannon barrel into a "cylinder," adding a one-way valve. He injected the gas into the cylinder; when ignited, the violent explosion pushed the piston upwards, generating power. Simultaneously, the immense pressure of the explosive gas pushed open the one-way valve, expelling exhaust gases. Then, the remaining exhaust gases in the cylinder gradually cooled, lowering the pressure, and the atmospheric pressure outside the cylinder pushed the piston downwards, preparing for the next explosion. Of course, due to the excessively long stroke and low efficiency, he ultimately failed. However, it was Hohenschwangauer who first proposed the concept of the "internal combustion engine," upon which later generations invented the automobile engine.

Parker cylinder

Early automobiles used single-cylinder engines

Cars* When Karl Benz and Daimler designed and manufactured automobiles, they both coincidentally used engines with only one cylinder. Just as we believed a car couldn't possibly use two or more engines, people back then probably wouldn't have imagined engines with two or more cylinders. However, things are different now. Leaving aside developed countries, a look at domestic car advertisements reveals that many manufacturers constantly emphasize the number and arrangement of engine cylinders. Selling microcars vigorously touts their four-cylinder engines instead of three, and those using V6 engines make sure the "V" is prominently displayed. This advertising has indeed been very effective, and many car enthusiasts have accepted concepts like "4 cylinders are better than 3 cylinders," "6 cylinders are better than 4 cylinders," "V-type is better than inline," and "V-type engines are advanced engines." Nearly 20 domestically produced cars are now equipped with V6 or V8 engines.

A single-cylinder engine's crankshaft only produces power once every two revolutions, resulting in a discontinuous and uneven sound—just listen to the sound of a small-displacement motorcycle. Most unacceptable is its extremely unstable operation, with large fluctuations in engine speed, and the shape of a single-cylinder engine is also unsuitable for automobiles. Therefore, single-cylinder engines are no longer seen in cars, and two-cylinder engines are hard to find either; at the very least, three-cylinder engines are used. Domestically produced vehicles like the Huali minivan, older Xiali models, Geely Haoqing, Alto, and Flyer all use three-cylinder engines.

Microcars with engines under 1 liter often use three-cylinder engines, while engines between 1 and 2 liters generally use four or five-cylinder engines. Engines over 2 liters are mostly six-cylinder, and engines over 4 liters predominantly use eight-cylinder engines.

With the same displacement, increasing the number of cylinders can increase engine speed, thereby increasing engine output power. Additionally, increasing the number of cylinders makes the engine run more smoothly, resulting in more stable torque and power output. Increasing the number of cylinders also makes the car easier to start and provides better acceleration response. To improve vehicle performance, the number of cylinders must be increased. Therefore, luxury sedans, sports cars, and other high-performance vehicles all have six or more cylinders, with some reaching as many as 16.

However, there is no limit to the increase in the number of cylinders. As the number of cylinders increases, the number of engine parts also increases proportionally, leading to a more complex engine structure, reduced reliability, increased weight, higher manufacturing and operating costs, increased fuel consumption, and larger engine size. Therefore, the number of cylinders in a car engine is a suitable choice made after weighing various advantages and disadvantages, based on the engine's intended use and performance requirements.

Standing side-by-side in a row.

An inline engine (line engine) has all its cylinders arranged side-by-side in a single plane. Its cylinder block and crankshaft structure are simple, and it uses a single cylinder head, resulting in lower manufacturing costs, higher stability, better low-speed torque characteristics, lower fuel consumption, and a compact size, making it widely used. Its disadvantage is lower power output. "Inline" can be represented by "L," followed by the number of cylinders to form the engine designation. Modern cars mainly use L3, L4, L5, and L6 engines.

Inline 3-cylinder.

Parker Cylinder Structure:

A cylinder consists of a cylinder barrel, end caps, piston, piston rod, and seals. Its internal structure is shown in the figure:

1) Cylinder Barrel

The inner diameter of the cylinder barrel determines the output force. For the piston to slide smoothly back and forth within the cylinder barrel, the surface roughness of the inner surface should reach Ra0.8um. ​​For steel pipe cylinder barrels, the inner surface should be hard chrome plated to reduce frictional resistance and wear, and to prevent corrosion. Besides high-carbon steel pipes, high-strength aluminum alloys and brass are also used for cylinder barrel materials. Small cylinders may use stainless steel pipes. Cylinders with magnetic switches or used in corrosive environments should use stainless steel, aluminum alloy, or brass for the cylinder barrel.

Parker cylinders use a combination sealing ring to achieve bidirectional sealing on the piston. The piston and piston rod are connected by press-fitting, without nuts.

2) End Caps

The end caps have inlet and outlet ports, and some also have a buffer mechanism inside the end cap. The piston rod end cap is equipped with a sealing ring and a dustproof ring to prevent air leakage from the piston rod and to prevent external dust from entering the cylinder. A guide sleeve is also provided on the piston rod end cap to improve the cylinder's guiding accuracy, withstand a small amount of lateral load on the piston rod, reduce the downward bending of the piston rod during extension, and extend the cylinder's service life. The guide sleeve is typically made of sintered oil-impregnated alloy or forward-inclined copper casting. End caps were previously commonly made of malleable cast iron, but now, to reduce weight and prevent rust, aluminum alloy die-casting is commonly used; miniature cylinders sometimes use brass.

3) Piston

The piston is the pressure-bearing component in the cylinder. To prevent air leakage between the left and right chambers of the piston, a piston seal ring is provided. Wear rings on the piston improve the cylinder's guiding performance, reduce wear on the piston seal ring, and reduce frictional resistance. Wear rings are often made of polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, or fabric-reinforced synthetic resin. The width of the piston is determined by the size of the seal ring and the necessary length of the sliding portion. A sliding portion that is too short can easily cause premature wear and jamming. Pistons are commonly made of aluminum alloy and cast iron; pistons in small cylinders are sometimes made of brass.

4) Piston Rod

The piston rod is the most important load-bearing part in the cylinder. It is usually made of high-carbon steel with a hard chrome plating, or stainless steel, to prevent corrosion and improve the wear resistance of the seals.

5) Seals

The seals on rotating or reciprocating parts are called dynamic seals, while the seals on stationary parts are called static seals.

The main methods of connecting the cylinder barrel and end cap are:

Integral type, riveted type, threaded connection type, flange type, and tie rod type.

6) During operation, the piston is lubricated by oil mist in the compressed air. A small number of cylinders are lubrication-free.

Parker Hydraulics mainly divides its products into mobile machinery hydraulics and industrial hydraulics, providing customers with comprehensive hydraulic systems, including power units, hydraulic pumps, hydraulic motors, electric motors, electronic control systems, load balancing, and inductive directional valves. Parker Hydraulics has 10 divisions globally, each specializing in its own products. Based on successful localization of production, Parker Hannifin's vane pumps and tie-rod cylinders enjoy an excellent reputation in the market.

Professional team design, component selection, and prototype debugging services are offered as added value.

Major clients in China include: Sany Heavy Industry, Liugong, XGMA, Shougang, Baosteel, and Handan Iron & Steel.

Mechanical & Electrical & Transmission Division

Mechanical & Electrical & Automation products cover everything from HMIs to controllers, drives, servos, motors, reduction gears, and a wide variety of mechanical drives, AC and DC frequency converters. We provide comprehensive solutions to meet the needs of different customer segments.

Typical products in the frequency converter field include: DC590, AC690, and DC590+.

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OSPP250200000100000000000 The company mainly deals with European and American brands and can source brands from any European country. For example, our key German brands include: BURKERT, DEMAG, HAWE, REXROTH, HYDAC, PILZ relays, FESTO, IFM sensors, E+H, HEIDENHAIN, P+F sensors, SICK, TURCK, and HIRSCHMANN industrial switches. German brands: Hengstler, Murr, Schmersal, Samson, EPRO (Emerson Group)

American brands: MOOG, ASCO, MAC, NUMATICS, PARKER, VICKERS, ROSS

British brands: Norgren

Italian brands: OMAL, ATOS, CAMOZZI, UNIVER, Camozzi

ATOS proportional valves, ATOS stack valves, ATOS solenoid valves